Development of Xenopus laevis, Part 5
Neurulation
After gastrulation is complete, neurulation occurs to form a nerve
cord. This process will give rise to three cell types: skin ectoderm
(epidermis), neural ectoderm (future central nervous system), and neural
crest (future peripheral nervous system). Primary neurulation results
in a hollow nerve cord, while secondary forms a solid neural rod. Xen
opus nerve cord is formed mostly by primary neurulation.
Neurulation begins by the expression of genes that create the neural
plate; a pear-shaped group of neural ectoderm cells. The wide part of
the pear is on the anterior end of the embryo, and will form the brain.
The narrow end faces posteriorly, and will form the spinal cord.
In one smooth motion, the neural plate lengthens and the sides raise up
to meet each other, forming a tube. The sides then fuse, sink into the
embryo, and are covered in epidermis. After this is completed, secondary
neurulation occurs, closing the posterior end of the neural cord.
The completed neural cord is flanked by mesoderm, which will form the
somites. Later in development, somites will generate structures like
cartilage and muscle, as well as anterior-posterior specification.
VIDEO: http://www.youtube.com/
For more information: http://biology.kenyon.edu/
Photo Credit: Christopher Watters
Development of Xenopus laevis, Part 5
Neurulation
After gastrulation is complete, neurulation occurs to form a nerve cord. This process will give rise to three cell types: skin ectoderm (epidermis), neural ectoderm (future central nervous system), and neural crest (future peripheral nervous system). Primary neurulation results in a hollow nerve cord, while secondary forms a solid neural rod. Xen
Neurulation
After gastrulation is complete, neurulation occurs to form a nerve cord. This process will give rise to three cell types: skin ectoderm (epidermis), neural ectoderm (future central nervous system), and neural crest (future peripheral nervous system). Primary neurulation results in a hollow nerve cord, while secondary forms a solid neural rod. Xen
opus nerve cord is formed mostly by primary neurulation.
Neurulation begins by the expression of genes that create the neural plate; a pear-shaped group of neural ectoderm cells. The wide part of the pear is on the anterior end of the embryo, and will form the brain. The narrow end faces posteriorly, and will form the spinal cord.
In one smooth motion, the neural plate lengthens and the sides raise up to meet each other, forming a tube. The sides then fuse, sink into the embryo, and are covered in epidermis. After this is completed, secondary neurulation occurs, closing the posterior end of the neural cord.
The completed neural cord is flanked by mesoderm, which will form the somites. Later in development, somites will generate structures like cartilage and muscle, as well as anterior-posterior specification.
VIDEO: http://www.youtube.com/
For more information: http://biology.kenyon.edu/
Photo Credit: Christopher Watters
Neurulation begins by the expression of genes that create the neural plate; a pear-shaped group of neural ectoderm cells. The wide part of the pear is on the anterior end of the embryo, and will form the brain. The narrow end faces posteriorly, and will form the spinal cord.
In one smooth motion, the neural plate lengthens and the sides raise up to meet each other, forming a tube. The sides then fuse, sink into the embryo, and are covered in epidermis. After this is completed, secondary neurulation occurs, closing the posterior end of the neural cord.
The completed neural cord is flanked by mesoderm, which will form the somites. Later in development, somites will generate structures like cartilage and muscle, as well as anterior-posterior specification.
VIDEO: http://www.youtube.com/
For more information: http://biology.kenyon.edu/
Photo Credit: Christopher Watters
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